Diabetic foot can be managed through blood glucose control, wound care, medication, vascular intervention, and surgery.
- Blood Glucose Control
Strict blood glucose control is the foundation of diabetic foot treatment.Through diet adjustment, exercise management, and hypoglycemic medications, blood glucose is maintained within the target range.Good glucose control helps slow the progression of nerve and vascular damage and reduces infection risk. - Wound Care
Diabetic foot ulcers require professional wound care.Clean the wound and cover it with sterile dressings, changing them regularly.Avoid irritating disinfectants; normal saline can be used for cleansing.Debridement may be needed for deep ulcers or necrotic tissue.Keep the skin around the wound clean and dry to prevent the spread of infection. - Medication
Various medications may be used depending on the condition: Antibiotics to control infection
Drugs to improve microcirculation to promote ulcer healing
Neurotrophic drugs to relieve neuropathy symptoms
All medications must be used under the guidance of a doctor. - Vascular Intervention
Patients with lower extremity vascular disease may require vascular intervention.Balloon angioplasty and stenting can improve blood flow to the lower limbs.Angiography is performed before intervention to evaluate the lesions.After the procedure, foot blood flow is closely monitored, and antiplatelet therapy is administered. - Surgical Treatment
Severe diabetic foot may require surgery: Debridement to remove necrotic tissue
Amputation for uncontrolled infection or gangrene
Vascular bypass surgery to relieve lower limb ischemia
The surgical approach depends on the extent of disease and the patient’s general condition.
Long-term follow-up and rehabilitation are needed after surgery.