With the continuous advancement of pharmaceutical research, SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have demonstrated cardiorenal protective effects, significantly improving adverse renal and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients and reducing the risk of rehospitalization for heart failure and kidney disease.
In current clinical practice, the commonly used SGLT-2i agents are recommended for use in combination with specific medications.
In addition to their significant glucose-lowering and cardiorenal protective effects, SGLT-2 inhibitors offer multiple clinical advantages:
They reduce body weight by an average of 0.6–3.0 kg;
They significantly improve blood pressure: in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, they lower 24‑hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure by 4.36 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 2.20 mmHg;
By promoting urinary glucose excretion, they reduce serum uric acid levels by an average of 37.73 µmol/L.